Using Platelet-Rich Plasma to Reverse the Effects of Tendinopathy and Prevent Tendon Re-rupture after Surgery in Athletes: The Search for a Standardized Protocol

30-50% of all lesions amateur and professional sports players will experience during activity are related to the tendon. Moreover, the incidence of tendinopathy, a precursor to tendon rupture, is much higher in both of these groups due to excessive loading of tendons during physical activity, insufficient rest afterwards and certain antibiotic use. The tendon anatomically has both a low blood supply and a low cell turnover rate, which contribute to the relative ease by which an athlete can develop tendinopathy. Chronic tendinopathy has very few high-success treatments but in recent years, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a treatment in which platelets are isolated from the patient’s blood and injected back into the diseased tendon, has seen promising results. Prior research has focused on assessing the viability of PRP as a treatment but failed to come up with a standard and procedure protocol for its administration. In this study, PRP is evaluated in terms of success rate, concentration of cells other than platelets, concentration of growth factors, life of growth factors, and size and cross section of the tendon to develop a formulation standard, injection plan, and procedure protocol for different tendinopathies. Furthermore, a rehabilitation program that takes into account both the treatment and natural healing process of the tendon to shorten the time the athlete spends off the field is outlined

Self reliant India: renewable energy an emerging alternative for country’s self reliance in energy sector

India's electricity sector is dominated by fossil fuels, in particular coal. During the fiscal year 2019-20, fossil fuels produced more than three-fourth (1044.44 GWh of total 1385.1 GWh) of the country’s total generation. The government is making efforts to increase investment in renewable energy. Share of renewables in India’s total installed capacity has increased from 12.25% as on 31 March 2012 to 23.45% by 31 March 2020. Similarly, the share of renewable energy sources in country’s electricity generation is gradually increasing and it has reached to 9.96% in FY 2019-20 which was only 5.83% during FY 2013-14. Renewable sources have emerged as an environment friendly and potential energy resource. India is blessed with suitable conditions for renewables, as the number of sunny days is more and having a 7517 km long coastal bank. Government is committed for faster growth of renewable sector and India is now ranked fourth in the world in total installed renewable capacity, which has become possible only because of remarkable efforts of Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). Therefore, for India to become self reliant in energy sector and to achieve the goal of sustainable development, the role of renewable energy is vital. Renewable energy can help a lot to achieve the dual objective of fulfulling the growing energy demand and curb the emission of pollotants and thus to comly with country’s committment at international forums towards reduction of emission. In this way, renewable energy may be one of the best alternatives for sustainable development and self-reliance of India in energy sector

Stress analysis in 3D IC having Thermal Through Silicon Vias (TTSV)

TTSV is proposed for the removal of heat from between the IC layers as these TTSVs carries heat down to the sink. However, it may generate stress in Silicon. In the present paper, thermal-stress simulation of stack consists of three IC layers bonded face up is performed using finite element modeling tools. We also analyzed the stress generated in 3D IC containing TTSV. Further we proposed a method for lower stress around the TTSV. The method proposed decreases the Von Misses Stress by a value of 40Mpa on average considering all the IC layers. Thus by achieving this, functionality of the chip becomes more reliable

A Critical Review on Go-Ghrita, Shata Dhouta Ghrita and Sahasra Dhouta Ghrita

Traditional medical system has always played an important role in the maintenance of health of mankind. Modern medicine has been drawing inputs from these traditional systems since their very beginning. Samskara in Ayurveda, is a process of transformation of inherent attributes of a substance. This is created by dilution, application of heat, cleansing, churning, storing in a specific place, maturing, flavoring, impregnation, preservation, container etc. Ancient scholars considered that Ghrita is able to perform multiple actions if processed accordingly. On the base of this, many Samskaras are employed for Ghrita and subsequently various pharmacological actions are observed. Shatadhouta Ghrita and Sahsradhouta Ghrita are also an outcome of that keen observation. Shatadhouta Ghrita and Sahasradhouta Ghrita are two Ayurvedic preparations, which are prepared by washing cow ghee for hundred and thousand times respectively. They are considered as best alleviators of Pitta Dosha and burning sensation, in the treatments of wound healing. On the basis of detailed literary review, it was understood that, Shatadhouta Ghrita and Sahasradhouta Ghrita should be prepared by pressure washing of Ghrita with water. These preparations are indicated for Dahashamana action. Both of them have the properties as that of oil in water kind of emulsion